How to tell if perfectionism is a problem?

Last week, I mentioned a lot of negative aspects when perfectionism is problematic (see here if you missed it and here for the difficulty with the definition). But how can you tell if what you are doing is problematic or not? Given the multiple negative impacts, why then is perfectionism often viewed as a strength? Or how many of us use it as a strength disguised as a fault in interviews? As mentioned in my earlier articles, unlike depression or anxiety which don’t feel very good and are not prized by our society; perfectionism given its perceived by-product of meticulousness, and high-reaching goals can be considered good in some contexts and can lead to excellent results. However, some research has shown that because of the stress and fear often associated with perfectionism, it may also have the opposite result and give worse performance rather than better. Or it takes so long to get the results that the achievement loses its meaning and does not even feel like an achievement. For example, thoughts of “if I were good enough, why did it take me so long to get there?”

I think what is important to keep in mind here is that perfectionism if we define it as the reaching of an unrealistic goal and nothing else will do is the problematic behaviour here. It is often accompanied by all-or-nothing thinking. Less than perfect is all bad and perfect is the be-all and end-all. Excellence in this case is a by-product and will leave the person feeling stressed, not-good-enough, and inadequate where everyone else will see something to praise. This then feeds a vicious cycle that reinforces the need for the perfectionist to achieve even greater heights, puts more pressure on themselves (or others) and they may achieve the same results as before but feel even worse about it after.

Perfectionism is a problem usually because of the thought patterns associated with the behaviours.

  • All-or-nothing thinking as mentioned before is one of them, anything less than perfection is a failure. Having a result be good enough is not even in the problematic perfectionists’ vocabulary.
  • Another sign of problematic perfectionism is being highly critical of yourself or others. These highly critical people have a more mistake-focused approach and are often less supportive of other’s mistake. But this depends on whether they are “other” perfectionist – criticizing and judging others or “self” perfectionist- criticizing or judging themselves harshly, but they could also be both and just be all around highly critical people.
  • Fears control your actions: unlike someone who is pulled toward their goals by a desire to achieve and a happiness when they make any step in the right direction, the perfectionists’ actions are controlled by the fear of not meeting or being able to meet their goals. The fear of being rejected by others if they don’t meet expectations. Or even the fear of judgment, their own or other’s.
  • Standards are unrealistic: Some people can set high reaching goals and be happy if they can go that extra step after reaching their goals, but the perfectionist will set them so far that they will be unable to reach their goals at all. And this will often lead them to reject whatever success they do achieve because they feel that their actions are never good enough.
  • Focus: someone with a less problematic outlook can enjoy the process of chasing a goal almost as much or more than actually reaching it. For the problematic perfectionist, only the goal matters no matter how much they accomplish on the way there. They just want to avoid failing and can’t enjoy the growth and process along the way.
  • The effect of unmet goals: Those that set high goals but are not problematic perfectionist can bounce back from disappointment and tend to also be happier than perfectionist who have a tendency to dwell on the negative and on the failures and will struggle much more when things don’t go as well as they wanted. They are also more likely to have higher levels of anxiety (worrying about the future and the possibility of failing) or depression (wallowing in their past failures).
  • Fear of failure: This is linked to the mostly goal-oriented thinking that most perfectionists have. They become so disappointed by anything less than perfection, that failure triggers fear. And since perfection is the goal and unlikely to happen, they see failure in most situations and may be tempted to stay in safe zones, in routines and rigid plans. They are then less likely to take risks that may actually get them closer to their goals or try something new that could otherwise help them.
  • Procrastination: As mentioned before in my article on procrastination (see here), this problem can be linked to perfectionism and often, though it seems counter-intuitive, the more perfectionist people are, the more they may procrastinate because of the fear of failure that can come with perfectionism. They want to avoid the unpleasant feelings this fear generates so they avoid the situations that trigger their perfectionism and would rather do anything else. For example, think of school work and the fear of getting a bad grade and they would rather do anything else but study (almost ensuring a bad grade in the process), but being unable to manage the fear and the perceived inadequacies they have and so they do anything but study which would actually help them do better. This is then associated with shame and can be associated with more fear which causes a vicious cycle that just repeats.
  • Defensive reactions: Trying to give constructive criticism to a perfectionist will often get them to act out and react defensively because of their fear and unpleasant feelings associated with failure, instead of seeing the criticism for what it is- a way to help improve their future performance.
  • Low self-esteem: because of the harsh judgment or the fear of it associated with perfectionism, as well as the unrealistic goals and the all-or-nothing thinking that is also associated, all of this can lead to low self-esteem and the feeling that nothing a person does is ever good enough. They can also be lonely or isolated due to pushing away others with their rigidity and critical judgments pushing others away and this can have a serious impact on someone’s self-esteem. Also because self-worth or self-esteem is often linked to success for the perfectionist, it often means that they never end up feeling successful and their esteem suffers for it.
  • Taking an excessive amount of time to perform a task: The time it takes each of us to do tasks does differ, but for the perfectionist the time taken can be excessive and can even take away time from more important tasks if they get stuck too long on one thing.

Should you be worried and think that all is lost because you exhibit any of these behaviours? No. There are many reasons for these behaviours but they can be changed. Changing thought patterns is do-able but very difficult. It is important to change our association with what perfectionism actually is and consider that what should actually be prized is meticulousness, conscientiousness and yes excellence but within reasonable limits and in a reasonable amount of time. Being good enough and still be excellent is possible.

Next week I will explain the Pareto principle and give tips and tricks to manage problematic perfectionism.

“Perfection is the willingness to be imperfect”

– Lao Tzu

Resources

https://www.verywellmind.com/signs-you-may-be-a-perfectionist-3145233

https://www.choosingtherapy.com/perfectionism/

https://www.goodtherapy.org/learn-about-therapy/issues/perfectionism

Posted in Mental Health, Perfectionism and tagged , , , , , , , .

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